1 Corinthians 12:4

Authorized King James Version

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Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.

Original Language Analysis

Διαιρέσεις diversities G1243
Διαιρέσεις diversities
Strong's: G1243
Word #: 1 of 8
a distinction or (concretely) variety
δὲ Now G1161
δὲ Now
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 8
but, and, etc
χαρισμάτων of gifts G5486
χαρισμάτων of gifts
Strong's: G5486
Word #: 3 of 8
a (divine) gratuity, i.e., deliverance (from danger or passion); (specially), a (spiritual) endowment, i.e., (subjectively) religious qualification, o
εἰσίν there are G1526
εἰσίν there are
Strong's: G1526
Word #: 4 of 8
they are
τὸ G3588
τὸ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
δὲ Now G1161
δὲ Now
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 6 of 8
but, and, etc
αὐτὸ the same G846
αὐτὸ the same
Strong's: G846
Word #: 7 of 8
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
πνεῦμα· Spirit G4151
πνεῦμα· Spirit
Strong's: G4151
Word #: 8 of 8
a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

Analysis & Commentary

Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit—Paul begins a threefold repetition (verses 4-6) emphasizing unity in diversity. Diaireseis charismaton (διαιρέσεις χαρισμάτων) means "distributions of grace-gifts"—charisma derives from charis (grace), underscoring that gifts are unmerited, freely given. The Corinthians ranked gifts hierarchically (especially prizing tongues), creating competitive spirituality. Paul counters: diversity itself glorifies the same Spirit (to auto Pneuma).

The gifts differ in kind, manifestation, and function, yet share one divine source. This theological foundation demolishes pride ("my gift is superior") and envy ("why don't I have that gift?"). The Spirit distributes as He wills (verse 11), not according to human merit or preference. Unity is not uniformity—the body's strength lies in its members' complementary differences, all animated by one Spirit.

Historical Context

The Corinthian church was fractured by status-consciousness reflecting their broader culture's obsession with honor, class, and public recognition (1 Cor 1:26-29). Wealthy patrons competed for prestige; Corinthian Christians imported this rivalry into worship, treating spectacular gifts as status symbols rather than servant tools.

Questions for Reflection

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